Palace of Fine Arts San Francisco Ca the Palace of Fine Arts October 4

Monumental structure in San Francisco, California

U.s. historic place

Palace of Fine Arts
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
San Francisco Designated LandmarkNo. 88
The Palace of Fine Arts, 2020
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Location	3301 Lyon St., San Francisco, California
Coordinates	37°48′10″N 122°26′54″Westward  /  37.80278°Northward 122.44833°Due west  / 37.80278; -122.44833 Coordinates: 37°48′ten″N 122°26′54″W  /  37.80278°N 122.44833°W  / 37.80278; -122.44833
Area	17 acres (6.9 ha)
Architect	William Gladstone Merchant; Bernard Maybeck
Architectural mode	Beaux-Arts
NRHP referenceNo.	04000659[1]
SFDLNo.	88
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	December 5, 2005
Designated SFDL	1977[ii]

The Palace of Fine Arts is a monumental structure located in the Marina District of San Francisco, California, originally constructed for the 1915 Panama–Pacific International Exposition to exhibit works of art. Completely rebuilt from 1964 to 1974,^[i] information technology is the only structure from the exposition that survives on site.^[iii]

The almost prominent edifice of the circuitous, a 162-foot-loftier (49-meter)^[1] open rotunda, is enclosed by a lagoon on one side and adjoins a large, curved exhibition center on the other side, separated from the lagoon by colonnades. As of 2019, the exhibition eye (ane of San Francisco'due south largest single-story buildings) is used every bit a venue for events such every bit weddings or trade fairs.^[4]

Conceived to evoke a decaying ruin of ancient Rome,^[1] the Palace of Fine Arts became one of San Francisco'southward most recognizable landmarks.^[5] Early 2009 marked the completion of a renovation of the lagoons and walkways and a seismic retrofit.

History [edit]

Aerial view of the Panama–Pacific International Exposition, directed southeast. The exposition buildings accept been colored to distinguish them; the Palace of Fine Arts can be seen on the lower right.

The Palace of Fine Arts was one of 10 palaces at the middle of the Panama-Pacific Exhibition. The exhibition as well included the exhibit palaces of Teaching, Liberal Arts, Manufactures, Varied Industries, Agriculture, Nutrient Products, Transportation, Mines, and Metallurgy, and the Palace of Machinery.^[6] The Palace of Fine Arts was designed past Bernard Maybeck. He was tasked with creating a building that would serve equally a serenity zone where exhibition attendees could laissez passer through between visiting the crowded fairgrounds and viewing the paintings and sculptures displayed in the building behind the rotunda.^[iii] Maybeck designed what was essentially a fictional ruin from another time. He took his inspiration from Roman and Ancient Greek compages^[7] (specifically Piranesi's etching of the remnants of the and so-called Temple of Minerva Medica in Rome), and also from Böcklin's symbolism painting Isle of the Dead.^[3]

While most of the exposition was demolished when the exposition ended, the Palace was so dear that a Palace Preservation League, founded by Phoebe Apperson Hearst, was founded while the fair was still in progress.^[viii]

For a fourth dimension the Palace housed a continuous art exhibit, and during the Great Depression, W.P.A. artists were commissioned to replace the rust-covered Robert Reid murals on the ceiling of the rotunda. From 1934 to 1942 the exhibition hall was home to eighteen lighted tennis courts. During Globe War Two, it was requisitioned by the military for the storage of trucks and jeeps. At the cease of the war, when the Un was created in San Francisco, limousines used by the world'southward statesmen came from a motor pool in that location. From 1947 on, the hall was put to various uses: as a city Park Department warehouse; equally a telephone book distribution center; as a flag and tent storage depot; and fifty-fifty as temporary Fire Section headquarters.^[9]

While the Palace had been saved from sabotage, its structure was non stable. Originally intended to just stand for the duration of the Exhibition, the colonnade and rotunda were not built of durable materials, and thus framed in forest and then covered with staff, a mixture of plaster and burlap-type fiber. Equally a consequence of the structure and vandalism, by the 1950s the simulated ruin was a crumbling ruin.^[10]

In 1964, the original Palace was completely demolished, with only the steel construction of the showroom hall left continuing. The buildings were and so reconstructed until 1974^[1] in permanent, light-weight, poured-in-place physical, and steel I-beams were hoisted into place for the dome of the rotunda. All the decorations and sculptures were constructed afresh. The only changes were the absence of the murals in the dome, two cease pylons of the pillar, and the original ornament of the exhibit hall.

In 1969, the quondam Exhibit Hall became home to the Exploratorium interactive museum, and, in 1970, too became the dwelling house of the 966-seat Palace of Fine Arts Theater.^[eleven] In 2003, the City of San Francisco along with the Maybeck Foundation created a public-private partnership to restore the Palace and by 2010 piece of work was done to restore and seismically retrofit the dome, rotunda, colonnades, and lagoon. Within Jan 2013, the Exploratorium closed in preparation for its permanent move to the Embarcadero.

In 1992 and 1996, the popular U.Due south. game show Wheel of Fortune taped shows at the Palace for broadcast in November.^[12]

In April 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic, plans were appear to catechumen the Palace of Fine Arts into a temporary shelter for 162 homeless people.^[five] The decision was reversed shortly later on, following protests by residents of the neighboring wealthy Marina neighborhood and concerns that the lodging conditions would be inadequate.^[13]

Today,^{[ when? ]} Australian eucalyptus trees fringe the eastern shore of the lagoon. Many forms of wildlife accept made their home there including swans, ducks (specially migrating fowl), geese, turtles, frogs, and raccoons.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Panoramic view Palace of Fine Arts: 1919

Design [edit]

Built around a small artificial lagoon, the Palace of Fine Arts is composed of a wide, 1,100 ft (0.34 km) pergola around a central rotunda situated by the water.^[14] The lagoon was intended to repeat those found in classical settings in Europe, where the surface area of water provides a mirror surface to reflect the thousand buildings and an undisturbed vista to appreciate them from a distance.

Ornament includes Bruno Zimm'due south iii repeating panels around the entablature of the rotunda, representing "The Struggle for the Cute", symbolizing Greek civilisation.^[fifteen] While Ulric Ellerhusen supplied the weeping women atop the colonnade^[16] and the sculptured frieze and emblematic figures representing Contemplation, Wonderment, and Meditation.^{[17] [18]}

The underside of the Palace rotunda's dome features eight big insets, which originally independent murals by Robert Reid. Iv depicted the conception and nascence of Art, "its commitment to the Globe, its progress and credence by the human being intellect," and the four "golds" of California (poppies, citrus fruits, metallic golden, and wheat).^[19]

The Palace at nighttime, reflected in the water

In popular culture [edit]

The Palace of Fine Arts has been seen in films such as Vertigo (1958),^[xx] Fourth dimension After Time (1979),^[21] Bicentennial Man (1999), The Room (2003),^[22] and Twisted (2004).^[23] It also served as the backdrop for prepare pieces in So I Married An Axe Murderer (1993)^[24] and The Stone (1996).^[25] Additionally, the Palace has appeared in the Indian films My Proper noun is Khan (2010)^[26] and Vaaranam Aayiram (2008).^[27] Information technology also appears in Flavor 7, Episode 2 of Mission: Impossible, and in Flavour 8, Episode 7 of Mannix. It was incorporated into the imagery of the Sept of Baelor in Season ane, Episode 9 of Game of Thrones.^{[ citation needed ]}

Lucasfilm headquarters was constructed near the Palace of Fine Arts, which has been noted for its similarity to the city of Theed on Naboo equally it appears in the film Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace (1999).^[28]

The structure was also featured as a placeable landmark in the 2003 video game SimCity iv

In the 2000s, a smaller replica of the rotunda of the Palace of Fine Arts was built in Disney'southward California Adventure in Anaheim, serving as the entrance to a theater showing the picture show Golden Dreams about the history of California.^[29] The attraction closed on September 7, 2008, and was demolished in 2009 to make way for The Piffling Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea Adventure dark ride. The rotunda archway remained, but it was repainted and serves equally an entrance to the ride.

Gallery [edit]

• 

  View of the rotunda from the northeast

• 

  Colonnade of the palace

See besides [edit]

• 49-Mile Scenic Bulldoze
• List of San Francisco Designated Landmarks

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c d due east} "National Register Data Organization – (#04000659)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
2. ^ "City of San Francisco Designated Landmarks". Urban center of San Francisco. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved Oct 21, 2012.
3. ^ ^{a b c} Kamiya, Gary (2015-04-15). "The Temple". Panama-Pacific International Exposition . Retrieved 2020-10-15 . , extract from: Kamiya, Gary (2013). Absurd Gray Metropolis of Dearest: 49 Views of San Francisco (1st U.Southward. ed.). New York: Bloomsbury. ISBN978-1-60819-960-0.
4. ^ "What's Happening With That Behemothic Building Behind the Palace of Fine Arts?". SF Weekly. 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2020-04-06 .
5. ^ ^{a b} Ting, Eric; Dowd, Katie; Amanda; Bartlett, a; SFGATE (2020-04-04). "Bay Area coronavirus updates: SF's Palace of Fine Arts will exist temporary homeless shelter". SFGate . Retrieved 2020-04-06 .
6. ^ The Virtual Museum of the Urban center of San Francisco: Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, 1915
7. ^ McCoy, Esther (1960). Five California Architects. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corporation. p. 6. ASIN B000I3Z52W.
8. ^ The Palace of Fine Arts: A Brusk History
9. ^ The Palace of Fine Arts: Rebuilding Archived October 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
10. ^ "A Short History". The Maybeck Foundation. Retrieved April eight, 2012.
11. ^ Palace of Fine Arts, Official Website, background Archived January 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
12. ^ "'Cycle of Fortune' Spins for Bay Area". 4 Oct 1996.
13. ^ "SF Urban center Hall was ahead of the bend in its coronavirus response. So why is it now failing the homeless?". SFChronicle.com. 2020-04-08. Retrieved 2020-05-06 .
14. ^ "A Treasury of World's Fair Fine art & Architecture: Palace of Fine Arts". Archived from the original on 2012-04-15. Retrieved 2010-08-17 .
15. ^ "Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco Marina Neighborhood". Archived from the original on 2013-10-01. Retrieved 2010-08-17 .
16. ^ The Architecture and Mural Gardening of the Exposition, A Pictorial Survey of the Most Cute Architectural Compositions of the Panama-Pacific International Exposition by Louis Christian Mullgardt
17. ^ Exhibition of American Sculpture Catalogue, 156th Street of Broadway New York, The National Sculpture Society 1923 p.55
18. ^ Macomber, Ben (1915). "The Palace of Fine Arts and its Showroom, With the Awards". The Jewel City: Its Planning and Achievement; Its Architecture, Sculpture, Symbolism, and Music; Its Gardens, Palaces, and Exhibits. San Francisco and Tacoma: John H. Williams, Publisher.
19. ^ The Art of the Exposition by Eugen Neuhaus
20. ^ "Vertigo – Palace of Fine Arts". Reel SF. December eleven, 2011. Retrieved November eleven, 2018.
21. ^ "Time After Fourth dimension – Film Locations". Movie-Locations.com . Retrieved November 11, 2018.
22. ^ Scarlett, Jackson (September 23, 2012). "On Location: "The Room"". 7x7 . Retrieved November 11, 2018.
23. ^ Rosenbaum, Dan (March 19, 2018). "Palace of Fine Arts – San Francisco, CA". San Francisco Travel . Retrieved November eleven, 2018.
24. ^ Donat, Hank (2001). "San Francisco in Cinema: Then I Married an Axe Murderer". MisterSF.com . Retrieved November 11, 2018.
25. ^ "The Rock – Film Locations". Movie-Locations.com . Retrieved Nov eleven, 2018.
26. ^ "A Tribute to Shah Rukh Khan: My Name Is Khan". SFFILM . Retrieved November eleven, 2018.
27. ^ "Vaaranam Aayiram". Where Was It Shot . Retrieved Nov 11, 2018.
28. ^ Loma, Angela (September fifteen, 2015). "A 'Star Wars' Bay Surface area tour". The Mercury News . Retrieved November 11, 2018.
29. ^ "Gilt Dreams". Disney's California Run a risk. Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on April vi, 2007. Retrieved May 11, 2007.

External links [edit]

• SF Rec & Parks.org: Palace of Fine Arts
• The Palace of Fine Arts Iinformation on the website of the "Palace of Fine Arts Theatre"
• Annal.org: Catalogue de luxe of the Section of Fine Arts, Panama-Pacific International Exposition, 1915
• Panoramic slideshow of the grounds

sixwisford.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Fine_Arts

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